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| Cheek reconstruction ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Cheek reconstruction
Cheek reconstruction the cheek constitutes the facial periphery and plays a key role in the maintenance of oral competence and mastication, the facial manifestation of human emotion, and the support of neighboring primary structures. The repair of cheek defects seeks to achieve both aesthetic and functional ends that must be carefully considered by the reconstructive surgeon. The most common causes of acquired cheek defects include tumors, burns, trauma, whereas congenital-abnormalities in cheek contour may be due to facial clefts, vascular anomalies, or facial wasting syndromes.
==Aesthetic unit principles==
The face can be divided into six different regions with unique anatomic and aesthetic features: the facial aesthetic units. There are three central and three peripheral aesthetic units: eyelids, nose and lips, and forehead, cheek and chin, respectively. The aesthetic surface anatomy characteristics of the cheek have been described eloquently by Menick.
“The face can be divided into adjacent topographic areas of characteristic skin quality (color, texture, hear bearing), outline, and contour that define its regional units. The skin quality of the cheek matches the face in color and texture. The peripheral outline of the cheek unit is formed by the contours of the bordering units (forehead, eyelids, nose, lips, neck, and ear). Its outline follows the pre-auricular contours of the tragus and helix; goes around the sideburn, across the zygomatic arch, and into the lower eyelid-cheek junction; and then passes inferiorly along the nasal sidewall into the nasolabial fold and marionette line, around the chin and toward the submental crease. It then extends laterally along the jawline, passing superiorly up the angle of the jaw and back to the ear. In contour, the cheek is a relatively flat, expensive surface, except for the soft roundness of the nasolabial folds and cheek prominences.”
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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